sixt cross border. The. sixt cross border

 
 Thesixt cross border  Car rental under 25 in Mongolia

Can I drive my rental outside of the continental united states? Currently, your SIXT vehicle must remain in the continental United States. payment of this fee guarantees assistance services abroad. Travel from city to city by train. Cancellation is free and easy, simply select ‘pay later’ while booking, then you can pay on arrival and cancel any time up to the booking day. 3. Taking your rental car across borders is only available on request. EUR 29. 3. rental vehicle cross border must advise czechocar-alamo at the time of rental. We know you want to explore with your SIXT hire car. Read customer reviews of SIXT at Catania Fontanarossa Airport. Cross-border interchange fees refer to the interchange fees on cross-border consumer transactions between the UK and EEA. 60 euros for the right to cross over from Germany. 60 per month occurs. Conditional: that is, your rental car can cross into a permitted country, but you may need to buy additional insurance at the counter, for example, Europe has more luxury cars and more transit restrictions for fear of damage. Adding additional drivers is allowed. 00. . For an extended break to Spain of weeks or months at a time, our long-term car hire allows you to explore the whole country and even. Drive a premium vehicle at a competitive rate when you choose SIXT rent a car in Portugal. You need to be 18 to rent with SIXT in Mongolia. VroomVroomVroom. Some rental companies charge a fee for each border crossed. The San Luis and Nogales border crossings are the busiest in Arizona, so either option will give you the most car rental choices to drive into Mexico. Step 3: file a complaint with a dispute service. We are hiring through SixT - do we need to make any special arrangements re the Bosnian corridor - we assume that as we are hiring at Split and returning to. e. 5. One-Way Car Rental - Quick and Easy. Country-specific rental information on Sixt rental cars. I have had a 3 series touring which I hired from Sixt nce to go to Lake Garda and they were ok with that. Please note a penalty charge of € 600. 8 – 14 days = £146. A. Cancellations can be made online or in writing and must be addressed to: Sixt Costa Rica Headquarters, Motorescostaricapuntocom, S. Documents you need to rent a car in Kosovo. However, by the time you take getting to the airport, waiting at the airport, and the flight. Disclaimer: this content (together with the whole Toll Roads project by SIXT rent a car) is getting dismissed and no longer updated as of December 31st 2015. 3. (5. 4. It has an access bridge that provides passage to the Tijuana Airport in Mexico. It is not allowed to take your SIXT rental in Ecuador into neighboring countries. SIXT Cross Border Terms Commercial vehicles, Passenger vehicles in P, L, X categories, MPV (8+ seats) and minibuses are not allowed to go overseas or abroad. Available special equipment: Baby seat (up to 1 year of age), Child seat (2-4 years. Spend time in that city on foot, and using local buses / trams / metros. Rent a car from at the Cross Border Xpress, right on the United States-Mexico border, and head to the beach to soak up the sun or see all the San Diego attractions. If you take a rental car into Canada, ask your rental car agency about proof of insurance. SIXT Services in the USA. The only rental agents that permit cross border car hire from South Africa to Zimbabwe are Europcar, Keddy and Sixt, all of whom will charge 3,000 ZAR at the rental desk to cover additional insurances and documentation required at the border. Forbidden: that is, the car you rent can only drive in the region/country of pick up. You can book a car rental in Mexico with ease using the SIXT app or website. 00, utility trucks and busses cost $5. We know you want to explore with your SIXT rental. You can take your rental on a ferry between the Greek islands, but you lose all vehicle protections on the ferry. As a seasoned linguist and literature graduate, I bring a unique blend of linguistic expertise and cultural acumen to the table. One-way car rental in Spain. Documents you need for a Europe border crossing by car. Answer 1 of 6: We are hiring a car in Split and returning it to Dubrovnik at the end of our holiday. When crossing the Mexican border…. Con una amplia flota de vehículos modernos y precios competitivos. Answer 1 of 6: We are hiring a car in Split and returning it to Dubrovnik at the end of our holiday. a cross border fee of 30. We accept all major credit cards and debit cards. No additional cross-border. Just make sure you select the appropriate seat at the time of booking in our options and we'll ensure that it's waiting for you upon your arrival. Please reply to your confirmation email or phone 13 SIXT (+61 2 8337 2700) if you would like a rear facing baby seat. 50. In case of offence against Cross Border & Territorial Restrictions all protections lose their validity. Discover Portugal Car Rental Portugal Drive a premium vehicle at a competitive rate when you choose SIXT rent a car in Portugal. 1 – 7 days = £104. You can count on our English-speaking rental agents to assist you, and our friendly customer service is available 24/7. <br>My academic foundation, coupled with hands-on experience in multinational and multicultural environment, has equipped me to navigate the nuances of cross-border communication with finesse. It can be seen that there are four main conditions: 1. You can choose short-term or long-term rental and use other Sixt services - operational leasing, full service leasing, fleet management, limousine service or driver rental. Sixt South Africa. A written permission issued by the Sixt branch is mandatory to cross the border. Cancellations can be made online or in writing and must be addressed to: Sixt South Africa Headquarters, CMH Car Hire Pty Ltd. This fee will extend your rental’s basic damage, theft and third-party protection so it works in another country. Driving license. Sixt; Cross-border fee for Portugal to Spain car hire Though a few car hire agencies do not charge extra for cross-border travel, most of them require you to pay. -国境越え(Cross border)について- ヨーロッパでレンタカーをご利用いただくお客様の多くが 一度の旅行でいくつもの国を訪れられます ヨーロッパではほとんどの国で自由に国境越えが可能ですが、 車両グループやブランドによって制限される国がございます。 . We have to get a green card (available through Alamo) and pass a cross border fee of approx €6 on top of the rental price. Prepaid or debit cards such as VISA Electron, however, are not accepted. Get information on what borders you can cross with your rental car. In short, yes, you need to make sure that your hire vehicle is returned clean and empty of any rubbish, including pallets and milk. Optional extras and services. S. Prepaid cards, Maestro debit cards and cash are not accepted. An additional fee may apply. The cars in our fleet are new and on average only three months old. Full details are available in the booking engine. It can be seen that there are four main conditions: 1. You can choose from our compact cars, sedans, sports cars and convertibles, as well as SUVs. 3. 2. For the written permission a charge applies. Documents you need to rent a car in Ljubljana. A written permission issued by the Sixt branch is mandatory to cross the border. 3. Our English-speaking staff can make your rental experience easy. Car Rental with Sixt in Paphos. 08%. Whether flying in or arriving by train you can easily find the best place for you to pick up your rental vehicle, including several downtown locations. San Jose Airport. The rental company will usually charge you an admin fee for dealing with the fine and sending your details to the traffic authority. Read the fine prints before pursuing this route. S. Our fleet of vehicles includes everything from compact cars that save on gasoline to minibusses that seat up to 15 passengers. Some car categories have a higher minimum age, and an underage driver fee applies to those under 25. Find us at Larnaca Airport, just outside the capital, and Paphos Airport on the west side of the island. また、国によって国境越えに. A written permission issued by the Sixt branch is mandatory to cross the border. You must be at least 18 years old to rent with SIXT in Armenia. Documents you need to rent a car in Lithuania. Always confirm from your rental car. Whilst driving in Ireland the Road signs & speed limits are in Kilometres in the Republic however are in Miles in Northern Ireland. Taking a rental car on a ferry is another restricted item on rental contracts. (4. 00 EUR/rental). This UNESCO World Heritage Site in Paphos will transport you far back into the ancient past. Car hire company in Germany. SIXT customer service is available 24/7 when you need to rent a car in Austria, and our fleet of premium cars at economy prices means there is something for every kind of traveler. To find our rental car counter in Ljubljana Airport (LJU), go to the ground floor of the main parking garage that is located across from the main terminal in the primary airport building. Cross-border rentals are by request only. It is possible to drive between. £33. Mercedes Benz, BMW, Audi, Volvo, Jaguar, Land Rover, Mini are only allowed to enter Zone 1 countries (except of above mentioned car groups. The High Tatra Mountains are a range found along the northern border with Slovakia and. With our quick and esay process, you have the freedom to pick up a car in one city and return it at another SIXT location. 07:30 - 16:00. All cars (other than Prestige & Luxury models), people carriers with fewer than 8 seats (including the driver) and commercial vehicles up to 3. g. 7 helpful votes. Depending on your rental company and from which city or airport you want to travel, crossing the border can be free or might cost up to €24 ($27) per day; the price will likely increase if you are traveling to a non-EU country. Free: that is, your rental car can cross into a permitted country free of charge. A Road Tax of £1. Our rental periods are flexible and include one-day rentals and long-term rentals to adapt to the length of your visit. Forbidden: that is, the car you rent can only drive in the region/country of pick up. For entering above mentioned countries a Cross Border Fee applies (8. You can choose from a broad range of car categories in the SIXT fleet, including luxury cars from brands like BMW and Mercedes-Benz at competitive prices. Some car. 4 pieces of baggage. The page may be shut down without any official notice or communication. Cross-border travel. Cross-border travel with your rental car in Uzbekistan is not allowed. charge 42 EUR per rental. Cross Border Rentals & Territorial Restrictions. 00 EUR/day, max. To get here, exit the arrivals terminal, cross the street to walk to the main parking garage, and use the first entrance. Photographs and recording. It can be seen that there are four main conditions: 1. Adding additional drivers is allowed. Sixt. Important things to know about renting a car in Europe: vignettes, green cards, the IDP, cross border fees, and how to save money. We take pride in our fleet of rental trucks and vans at SIXT, and we strive to ensure any car or truck rental you pick up is clean and tidy. Book a taxi for a longer journey with SIXT ride Online or on the SIXT app Scheduled and on demand rides Cashless payment. Car Rental in Slovakia. Licenses using a non-Roman alphabet like Arabic need a translation of it into English or Armenian. 4. Vit M. Hertz vehicles cannot be driven into and/or dropped off in any African, Asian, Middle-East countries, any island, nor across the borders of or beyond the following countries: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Ireland, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine. The response to my complaint made no sense whatsoever and failed to deal with any of the points I raised. R. 3. Cross Border Rentals are allowed to the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Bosnia,. rental car across the border into Canada without paying GST, HST, or Green Levy taxes if they meet all of the following requirements: You have been out of Canada for more than 48 hours. au to see if one-way rentals are available for your journey to see if one-way rentals are available between your preferred locations, or call our contact center on 13 SIXT (+61 2 8337 2700) to check for participating locations for your preferred route and request a quote. It is one of the largest car rental providers in Croatia. Toggle navigation. Answer 1 of 6: We are hiring a car in Split and returning it to Dubrovnik at the end of our holiday. All drivers need a valid driver’s license, together with an ID or passport. 50 and $9. Connecting Cities. Please note a penalty charge of € 600. 00 per rental is applied. If you change to a vehicle model from a different category than the one booked, the following applies to adjust the regular fees: 1. One way car rental in Croatia. A Canadian non-resident insurance card may be required and is available at the Avis rental location. Some car categories have a higher minimum age, and an underage driver fee applies to those under 23. You can rent a car with SIXT in Ireland from the age of 21, having held a driver’s license for at least 4 years. 00 EUR/rental). A one-way fee may apply depending on the Terms and Conditions of your rental. VAT) per rental if requested when booking; €20 if requested at counter on pick-up. State Highway MM. Simply enter your desired pick-up and drop-off locations in the booking engine at the top of the page and you will be notified if the one-way car hire is not possible. 2. Firefly Cross border fee: 21 EUR per day. I rented a Sixt car (Ford Focus) in Zagreb, Croatia for 12 days in September 2016. 95. Add extras to your rental like a child. Whenever them would like to change choose settings or withdraw consent at unlimited time, who left to do thus the in our privacy rule accessible from on home page. Invoice I got (same car, same options): £1156. You need to be at least 21 with a license held for at least 1 year for a SIXT rental in Peru. * Always call the rental location to check border-crossing permissibility. SIXT Cross Border Terms Commercial vehicles, Passenger vehicles in P, L, X categories, MPV (8+ seats) and minibuses are not allowed to go overseas or abroad. We are hiring through SixT - do we need to make any special arrangements re the Bosnian corridor - we assume that as we are hiring at Split and returning to. One-way car rental in Qatar. Compare SIXT Rent A Car prices with other car rental companies in Miami Airport. To give you maximum comfort on the road, we also offer. You will need to be at least 20 with a driver’s license held for 1 year for a SIXT rental in Bulgaria. We are hiring through SixT - do we need to make any special arrangements re the Bosnian corridor - we assume that as we are hiring at Split and returning to. You also have the option to fly between Muscat and Dubai. In general, the rental vehicle is usually only allowed to be used in the state of the original pick-up. All trips abroad are to be requested at the Sixt station. Our flexible rental periods are perfect for quick getaways or long. This service is, of course, free of charge for you. Driving across borders. GCC nationals need their ID card, while international renters need both a passport and an. ) after returning, a cleaning charge will apply. €9 per day (minimum fee €25, maximum fee €90); available from Granada, Sevilla, Málaga, Marbella, Jerez, Almeria and Sancti Petri offices. Sixt; Cross-border fee for Portugal to Spain car hire Though a few car hire agencies do not charge extra for cross-border travel, most of them require you to pay for a mandatory insurance cover alongside a cross-border fee. Sixt Car Hire Services in Spain. Sixt Miete Information Belarus and HerzegovinaMost agencies allow non-EU travelers who rent a car in Switzerland to drive the vehicle into other Western European countries for no additional charge. If flying in, the rental counter is within the terminal with a short walk to the car lot. From Frankfurt to Cologne and every city, state and town in between and far away, Sixt Germany car rental is available. You need to have a valid driver’s license that you have held for at least 1 year, plus an ID or passport. Sixt Excess Reduction Guide. Was 11 nights in total. Thanks for your. All drivers need a valid license, plus an ID or passport for rental. Not only does Europdrive provide you with 24 hour, 365 day breakdown cover whilst you're overseas, but it also provides you with a proof of ownership of the. Cadillac Escalade. 68 per day, max. Cross border rentals and territorial restrictions Territorial restrictions. In Uzbekistan, we also accept cash payments. charge 42 EUR per rental. The vehicle selection can restrict travel to certain countries. There is an additional charge for each driver. If you do not have your Rental Contract to hand, or are not with the vehicle, the accident must be reported to our Accident/Breakdown Assistance Line within 12 hours of occurrence. It is generally allowed to rent a car one way between SIXT stations in the Czech Republic, depending on the tariff. £33. 00 eur. For the written permission a charge of GBP 12,- per day, max. 2. HERTZ: Driving from Croatia to Montenegro a cross border fee of 25EUR applies for driving the rented vehicle across any Croatian border with the exception of the Croatia – Bosnia & Herzegovina borders on the A8 main road (route E65) between Split and Dubrovnik, with the crossing allowance of maximum 2 hours in Bosnia & Herzegovina. When you rent with SIXT you can make your rental even better by adding on extras like an additional driver to share time behind the wheel. 5. Debit Cards are only accepted at select SIXT locations and usually incur a higher deposit. For a description of these restrictions on admission, the countries are divided into three zones. For a description of these restrictions. You can take your SIXT rental in Argentina into Chile. They are actually a bit of a mystery as they appear to be heavily influenced by Egyptian culture. During your SIXT rental. Whatever location you choose, when you rent a car in Cyprus our friendly, English-speaking staff will ensure you have what you need. You are only allowed to take your SIXT rental from Oman into the United Arab Emirates. No matter if you need a car rental from Germany to Italy, a car rental from Germany to Austria, or to another nearby country in Europe, we have a car for you. また、国によって国境越えに. -国境越え(Cross border)について- ヨーロッパでレンタカーをご利用いただくお客様の多くが 一度の旅行でいくつもの国を訪れられます ヨーロッパではほとんどの国で自由に国境越えが可能ですが、 車両グループやブランドによって制限される国がございます。 . NEW YEARS DAY January 1 08:00AM - 08:00PM. A written permission issued by the Sixt branch is mandatory to cross the border. This is usually due to war/political instability or foreign policy between the two countries. More recently, SWIFT said it was joining forces with the European and U. Sixt CarExpress Servicecard (Advantage Circle) is only accepted in combination with a valid Credit Card. A young driver surcharge applies to those under 22. The minimum age to rent a car is 24 with a valid license held for 2 years. Rules for different countries vary. (2-4 years of age), Booster seat (4-10 years of age), Cross border fee. Vasiliki was very friendly and professional, and the vehicle was clean and in great condition. The Sixt fleet offers a diverse variety of SUV rentals, from full-size to crossover and luxury models. 00 (including tax) will apply if you are driving out of Italy, except for customers on business contract rates (CR). Contacts (Zagreb Airport) | a: Rudolfa Fizira 21, Zagreb | t: +385 1 6219 900 | e: [email protected]/Longitude: -6. Forbidden: that is, the car you rent can only drive in the region/country of pick up. From my research, other major car companies dont allow premium brands (MB, Audi, BMW etc) to be driven to Italy. One-way car rental in Ljubljana. (2-4 years of age), Booster seat (4-10 years of age), Cross border fee. g. Then they can extend the insurance/protection you have so it. Hertz does allow also cross-border to Azerbaijan, but they are a lot more expensive than Avis and don't have an office at Tbilisi airport - only in the centre. Select from standard sedan, station wagon and SUV options, as well as other premium cars from top auto-manufacturers such as Mercedes-Benz and BMW. User Guide. When collecting your vehicle, in addition to paying for your rental, SIXT requires a deposit (as security). Sixt Rental Information Germany. Although one-way rentals aren’t allowed, we do have a location at the Cross Border Xpress near the Tijuana airport. Accepted payment methods. We allow one-way rentals between stations in Slovenia free of charge. SIXT services in Sweden. Do not assume you can cross the border freely in a rental car. SIXT in Cape Town (Downtown) Hertzog Blvd cnr C. VAT) per rental if requested when booking; €20 if requested at counter on pick-up day. It can be seen that there are four main conditions: 1. 2024. Get Directions. (if crossing the border). They’ll fill in a VE103 form, which. Free: that is, your rental car can cross into a permitted country free of charge. This is usually due to war/political instability or foreign policy between the two countries. The company has offices in all main Croatian towns, including Zagreb, Split, Zadar, Rijeka, Pula, and Dubrovnik. We offer car categories including sedans, convertibles, sports cars, vans, station wagons, SUVs and more. Upon handover of the vehicle, the renter and the driver must present a personal identification card or passport, a driving licence from an EU/EEA country (including Switzerland) - valid within national territory and required to drive the vehicle - and a payment method valid. Find out where you can take your car based on where you picked it up. SIXT Gatwick UK ignored my online booking and the agent decided to “craft” a special offer for me messing up so many details and tripling the daily charge and somehow managing to also double the location fee. Additional Driver : With the consent of the renter, the vehicle may be driven by other persons. group, government, corporate, tour, insurance replacement rentals) or similar rates do not qualify. 00 eur plus vat per rental applies. One-way car rentals in Singapore. All drivers need a valid license held for at least 1 year, plus an ID or passport. There are two types of inter-island rentals, one is that you don’t have to change your rented car , which means you drive the rented car on the ferry (NB: the ferry tickets generally need to be booked in advance. Portugal is the only mainland European country where the legal alcohol limit is 0. Decentralized Multi-chain Fund Management Protocol for every investor to participate in crypto fund management. Our fleet of luxurious vehicles includes top brands like BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Audi. Cross Border Rentals & Territorial Restrictions -Cross Border Rentals are allowed to the following countries: Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,. SIXT Car Rental at Prague Airport Vaclav Havel Car, Czech Republic. You can return your rental to this location and then walk across. Cross Border Rentals are allowed to the following countries: Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Italy (mainland), North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia. Sixt Germany Car Rental Reviews. They’ll fill in a VE103 form, which. The fee is usually either a fixed percentage of the total rental charge (e. . . They will also fill out a VE103 form for you. 3. In the event that Cross Border & Territorial Restrictions are violated, all protections lose their validity. Driving from Croatia to Montenegro. This is usually due to war/political instability or foreign policy between the two countries. We allow one-way rentals between SIXT stations in Argentina, depending on the rental rate. Forbidden: that is, the car you rent can only drive in the region/country of pick up. Cross border car hire in Kuwait is only available on request by. Get information on what borders you can cross with your hire car. S. One-way rentals are allowed in Bulgaria, depending on the booking rate. Forbidden: that is, the car you rent can only drive in the region/country of pick up. A written permission issued by the Sixt branch is. 0) Great experience with Sixt! Friendly team made it easy very happy with the vehicle and the price. S. You are allowed to drive a rental car into Spain if you pick up in Portugal from these car rental companies: Alamo, Thrifty, Avis, Hertz, SIXT, Budget, Europcar, National, Dollar, and Enterprise. e. Book Online & Save Money Now!Oct. Free: that is, your rental car can cross into a permitted country free of charge. You can book a car rental in Mexico with ease using the SIXT app or website. Compare 1000's of cars from Sixt at 5 Locations in Albania We compare the best car rental companies to ensure you get the best selection at the best price. It can be seen that there are four main conditions: 1. Cross-border travel. Europdrive - Our Cross-border Breakdown Cover. Cross-border fee is a fee that covers extra taxes, insurance, and other expenses that car rental companies charge. Additional insurance cost for Kosovo EUR 5 perday (with a maximum. Car Rental at Ljubljana Find SIXT's fleet of like-new vehicles at convenient pick-up & drop-off locations Choose from a range of SUVs, convertibles, luxury cars & passenger vans. We highly recommend Sixt, and Jure Becan in particular. ”. SIXT at Cape Town Airport. This costs is EUR 34. Louis to Kansas City and is goes over the Lake of the Ozarks. One-way car rental in Jordan. Special conditions apply to bookings to be provided by transportation service provider registered with third-party applications such as taxi dispatch center, where. Rules for different countries vary. SIXT makes it easy to know everything about your car hire before you book. Get information on what borders you can cross with your hire car. When you tell the counter staff you want to take the car abroad, they’ll arrange to insure the car for you. Tickets cost €11 - €15 and the journey takes 1h 6m. CBX Rental Car Return. You can rent a car with SIXT in Kosovo from the age of 20, with a license held for at least 2 years. Yes, you can drive a rental car from the United States into Mexico, but you must pay for a Mexican Automobile Liability Insurance which is only available in specific U. Conditional: that is, your rental car can cross into a permitted country, but you may need to buy additional insurance at the counter, for example, Europe has more luxury cars and more transit restrictions for fear of damage. SIXT has a diverse fleet of quality vehicles to choose from at affordable prices. Documents you need to rent a car in Ireland. 00 EUR/day, max. The minimum age for a SIXT rental in Romania is 18, with a driver’s license held for at least 1 year. Sixt Rental Information CroatiaDriving rental car from US to Canada or Mexico: Most vehicles rented in the US can be driven throughout US and Canada. 3. insurance is not valid. Crossing the border is allowed into the following countries/areas: EU. Forbidden: that is, the car you rent can only drive in the region/country of pick up. The minimum age for a SIXT rental in Kuwait is 21, with a driver’s license held for 1 year. Answer 1 of 6: We are hiring a car in Split and returning it to Dubrovnik at the end of our holiday. 0027 112 309 999. Driving across borders. Smoking rules. 68 per day, max. It is only possible to take your SIXT rental into Malaysia by request and with approval of the rental station. SIXT+. 1st Floor CMH Building, 206 Dr Pixley KaSeme Street, Durban 4001, South Africa Phone:+27 11230 9999 E-Mail: [email protected] In the event that the booked vehicle is not collected or not collected at the agreed time the. states such as Arizona, Texas and California. Please contact the SIXT station where you want to pick up your car before booking. Car rental under 25 in Armenia. Things to know. Some car categories have a higher minimum rental age, and an underage driver fee may apply. Business hours. By doing this, we can adapt to your changed plans. The Sixt fleet offers a wide range of car brands such as Mercedes, Škoda, Smart, Seat, Audi, suitable for various uses on your journeys and for your maximum comfort. Please ensure to obtain authorisation from the supplier before cross border. 2. Keep in mind that mini, economy and compact models fall into the lower price range. Read the fine prints before pursuing this route. If you want to rent a car in the Balkans for your road trip, you’re going to have to call your rental companies well ahead of time in order to organize cross. Should you bring the vehicle outside the Netherlands, a Cross. At SIXT we accept all internationally recognized credit cards such as MasterCard or VISA. Matthew W. We have flexible car pick-up and return hours, and if you have any issues, our customer service team is ready to help you 24/7. We also offer passenger vans, pickups and electric cars. In case of offence against Cross Border & Territorial Restrictions all insurances lose their validity.